PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

Which position is best for a client with pericarditis to decrease pain?

1. Semi-Fowler's

2. Supine with lower extremities elevated

3. Upright, leaning forward

4. Side-lying with knees bent

The correct answer is: Upright, leaning forward

The upright position while leaning forward is the best choice for a client with pericarditis to decrease pain. This position helps to relieve pressure on the heart and the pericardial sac, thereby alleviating discomfort. In cases of pericarditis, patients often experience sharp chest pain that can be exacerbated by lying flat or taking deep breaths. Leaning forward opens up the chest cavity and changes the pressure dynamics, which can significantly minimize pain. In contrast, other positions, such as semi-Fowler's or supine with lower extremities elevated, may not provide the same level of relief. The semi-Fowler's position does offer some elevation that might help in general comfort but does not specifically target alleviating the pain associated with pericarditis. Supine positioning can increase pain due to the pressure on the pericardium. Similarly, the side-lying position with knees bent may not provide adequate relief, as it can still create pressure on the heart area and may not allow for the optimal alignment that reduces discomfort. Overall, leaning forward while sitting upright is the most effective way to offset the pain related to pericarditis while improving hemodynamics for the patient.