PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

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Which of the following is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy?

Hypertension
Weight loss
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia

The correct answer is: Hyperglycemia

Corticosteroid therapy is known to induce several metabolic and physiological changes in the body. One significant side effect of corticosteroids is hyperglycemia, which occurs due to the drugs' effects on glucose metabolism. Corticosteroids increase insulin resistance and promote gluconeogenesis in the liver, leading to higher blood sugar levels. This side effect is particularly important to monitor in patients with diabetes or those at risk for developing diabetes, as elevated blood glucose can lead to complications if unmanaged. When considering the other effects commonly associated with corticosteroid use, such as hypertension, weight gain (not weight loss), and hypokalemia, while those may also occur, hyperglycemia stands out as a well-documented and prevalent issue directly linked to corticosteroid administration. Understanding these side effects helps healthcare providers manage patients effectively during corticosteroid treatment.