PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

What laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with acute pancreatitis?

1. Elevated serum amylase level.

2. Hypertension.

3. Bradycardia.

4. Decreased leukocyte count.

The correct answer is: Elevated serum amylase level.

In the context of acute pancreatitis, an elevated serum amylase level is a significant laboratory finding. Amylase is an enzyme produced primarily by the pancreas that aids in the digestion of carbohydrates. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, as seen in acute pancreatitis, its cells may release an excessive amount of amylase into the bloodstream, leading to elevated serum levels. This finding is one of the hallmark indicators used to assist in diagnosing acute pancreatitis, along with elevated lipase levels, which is another pancreatic enzyme that can also be measured. The other options are not characteristic findings associated with acute pancreatitis. Hypertension is not typical in this condition; rather, hypotension may occur due to fluid shifts and potential shock. Bradycardia may occur in various circumstances but is not a direct result of acute pancreatitis itself. Decreased leukocyte count is generally not expected; instead, leukocytosis often occurs as part of the inflammatory response to pancreatitis. Thus, an elevated serum amylase level stands out as a key laboratory finding in this clinical scenario.