PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

What is a common adverse effect of corticosteroids that a nurse should inform a client about?

1. Frequent colds

2. Vitamin deficiency

3. Increased urination

4. Orthostatic hypotension

The correct answer is: Frequent colds

A common adverse effect of corticosteroids is an increased susceptibility to infections, such as frequent colds, due to their immunosuppressive properties. Corticosteroids can inhibit the inflammatory response, which is a critical part of the body's immune defense. When the immune system is compromised, the body becomes more vulnerable to infections, including common viruses that cause colds. It's important for clients to be aware of this risk so they can take preventative measures, such as practicing good hygiene, avoiding crowded places during peak cold seasons, and promptly reporting any signs of infection. In contrast, vitamin deficiency typically isn't a direct or common effect of corticosteroids, though long-term use can indirectly lead to nutritional imbalances. Increased urination is more commonly associated with certain diuretics rather than corticosteroids, and orthostatic hypotension is generally not a recognized adverse effect of corticosteroids. Understanding the implications of corticosteroid therapy helps clients manage their health while on these medications.